Many people believe that it is common to get depressed when dealing with a life-threatening illness. However, studies show that the majority of people are able to cope. It is only a minority that gets depressed. Researchers have started to look into whether suffering from depression at the same time as a medical illness affects a person’s outcome.

Three recent studies seem to indicate that there is a link between suffering from depression and being more likely to die sooner from a life-threatening illness. The studies were of breast cancer and heart attack victims, and older individuals. All persons involved in the study already had a life-threatening illness prior to, or in addition to, being depressed. The studies in no way indicate that depression caused the illness.

So, why don’t people who have a medical illness and depression do as well as those who are not depressed? Because depressed persons are less likely to comply with instructions. They simply don’t take care of themselves as well. Also, depression itself may cause negative changes in some of the body’s processes.

What can be done to help such people? First of all, it is important to remember that depression can be treated with medication and/or psychotherapy. Second, it is important for family and friends to reach out to the ill. Family and friends can call, visit, provide transportation, be present during medical appointments, prepare a meal, and help out with housework. Any act that lets a sickperson know that someone cares for them is very important. It may help prevent or lessen depression.

What can you do to help yourself? Recognize the importance of staying connected with others. Avoid social isolation. People who give up seem to be at a greater risk for medical setback and possibly early death. And those who maintain relationships and optimism do better.

Dr. Pomerantz practices psychiatry in Longmeadow, Mass., and is a Lecturer on Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School in Boston Mass.